University of Silesia
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The monitoring of the mass balance of the Werenskioldbreen (Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Spitsbergen, Svalbard) in the years 1999-2002 and 2009-2018. It is calculated on the base of 4 to 9 ablation stakes (depend on year). The mass balance is determined by conducting field surveys on floating calendar dates (floating-date system). Data have also been submitted to the World Glacier Monitoring Sevice (WGMS, https://wgms.ch)
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Results of supervised classification of six Landsat 8 images acquired on: 25 May, 3 June, 22 June, 15 July, 4 August and 20 August 2014, covering glaciers in Hornsund fiord. Method of classification: Maximum Likelihood. The results show variability of snow cover areas in melting period of 2014 for glaciers located in Hornsund fiord and larger than 9 km2 (Körberbreen, Samarinbreen, Chomjakovbreen, Mendelejevbreen, Svalisbreen, Hornbreen, Storbreen, Kvalfangarbreen, Mühlbacherbreen, Paierlbreen and Hansbreen). For more information, please check: https://doi.org/10.3390/w9100804 Overview: Results of Maximum Likelihood classification of Landsat 8 images for analysed glaciers. Red - snow cover, yellow - glacier ice, black - debirs, grey - cloud cover.
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Glaciers facies extents of Vestfonna delivered from unsupervised classifications of SAR data (fully-polarimetric ALOS PALSAR, single polarimetric ERS-2 SAR) for 2009 year. Date of SAR images acquisitions: 4, 7, 20, 23, 26 May 2009 (VV Single Look Complex ERS-2 SAR), 22 May 2009 (ALOS PALSAR Single Look Complex 1.1, quad polarimetry). Method of classification: K-means classification, H-a Wishart Classification. Results validated with Ground Penetrating Radar data. For more information, please check: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.11.020 Overwiew of results of different classification methods with comparison to GPR data. Top panel: Pauli decomposition, middle panel: H-a Wishart classification, bottom panel: k-means classification. For more information, please check: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.11.020 (Figure 7).
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• Data set of daily suspended sediment transport from the Breelva (glacier river), which drains the Werenskioldbreen (Southwestern Spitsbergen), for the period 2007–2012 (Appendix I). • Period of sampling, range of the suspended sediment concentration (SSC), total suspended sediment load (SSL), and the rate of mechanical denudation and also total annual runoff (Qtotal) from Werenskioldbreen catchment for the studied seasons (1972, 1986 and 2007–2012) (Appendix II). Detailed information can be found in: Pulina, M. Preliminary studies on denudation in SW Spitsbergen. Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Terre 1974, 22, 83–99. Krawczyk, W., Opołka-Gądek, J. Suspended sediment concentration in the Werenskiold Glacier drainage basin in 1986. In XXI Polar Symposium; Zalewski, M.S., Ed.; Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences: Warszawa, Poland, 1994; pp. 215–224, ISBN 8385173374. Łepkowska E., Stachnik Ł., 2018. Which drivers control the suspended sediment flux in a High Arctic glacierized basin (Werenskioldbreen, Spitsbergen)? Water, 10, 1408. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w10101408
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The base contain: 1. List (*xls) of terrophotogrammetric photographs taken by Poles na Spitsbergen from 1934 till 2016: 2. Skaning above photographs with resolution of 2400 dpi, file format *.tif and *.jpg (400 dpi). All photographs were taken by means of instrument type Phototheodolite Zeiss 19/1318 on glass plates. Authors of photographs: Antoni Rogala-Zawadzki, Cezary Lipert, Stanisław Rudowski, Leszek Kolondra, Jacek Jania, Jerzy Wach, Krzysztof Migała, Janusz Karkoszka, Małgorzata Błaszczyk and other unknown members of Polish Expeditions organized by Institute of Geophysic Polish Academy of Science in Station HORNSUND. Fot better identification of all photographs was prepared presentations (in *.pptx and *.pdf formats), where photographs there are arranged in classic form used for terrophotogrammetric stereoscopic photographs: A, AL, AR, B, BL, BR (the meaning of a letter: A - right photogrammetric station and photograph taken in normal case [90°]; B - left photogrammetric station and photograph taken in normal case [90°]; AL - photograph taken from right station in left direction; AR - photograph taken from right station in right direction; BL - photograph taken from left station in left direction; BR - photograph taken from left station in right direction). Other photographs (e.g. panoramic) has additional informations. Boths kind of presentation are prepared in chronological and tematical (for objects) order.
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• Discharge measurements were conducted from May/June/July to September/October in the years 2007–2012. Direct observation periods were 62, 51, 61, 40, 121, and 35 days in the consecutive years. The data set was obtained from CTD-DIVER DI 261 or Mini-Diver (Van Essen Instruments, Delft, The Netherlands) logger with barometric compensation by BaroDiver (Schlumberger, Houston, TX, USA) with 10-min intervals and flow velocities were measured with a SEBA F1 current meter (SEBA Hydrometrie GmbH, Kaufbeuren, Germany). Mean daily discharge and total runoff in the hydrologically active season was calculated on the basis of the 24h running average of the water level and a rating curve (Appendix 1). More details have been reported by Majchrowska E., Ignatiuk D., Jania J., Marszałek H., Wąsik M., 2015: Seasonal and interannual variability in runoff from the Werenskioldbreen catchment, Spitsbergen. Polish Polar Research vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 197–224. doi: 10.1515/popore−2015−0014 • Hydrological data for Werenskioldbreen - archive of the University of Silesia. The base contain mean daily discharge in the years: 1972, 1973, 1974, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1998, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2017 (18 hydrologically active seasons) – Appendix 2
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Dataset contains detailed measurements of physical features of seasonal snow cover, according to International Classification of Seasonal Snow on the Ground (Fierz et al. 2009). Fieldwork has been done during peak of accumulation on several glaciers in the region of Hornsund, Svalbard: Amundsenisen (2013) Hansbreen (three sites; 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018) Werenskioldbreen (two sites; 2013, 2015) Nannbreen (2013) Ariebreen (2014) Acknowledgements: Research Council of Norway, Arctic Field Grant 2013: Spatial distribution of snow cover and drainage systems on the glaciers on Wedel Jarlsberg Land (RiS ID: 6158); the National Science Centre PRELUDIUM 4: Role of meltwater from snow cover for supplying drainage systems of the Spitsbergen glaciers (2012/07/N/ST10/03784) References: Laska M., Luks B., Budzik T., 2016. Influence of snowpack internal structure on snow metamorphism and melting intensity on Hansbreen, Svalbard. Polish Polar Research, 37(2): 193–218. doi:10.1515/popore-2016-0012 Laska M., Grabiec M., Ignatiuk D., Budzik T., 2017. Snow deposition patterns on southern Spitsbergen glaciers, Svalbard, in relation to recent meteorological conditions and local topography. Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography, 99(3): 262–287 doi:10.1080/04353676.2017.1327321 Laska M., Barzycka B., Luks B., 2017. Melting Characteristics of Snow Cover on Tidewater Glaciers in Hornsund Fjord, Svalbard. Water, 9(10), 804. doi:10.3390/w9100804
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The database contains irregular meteorological data collected from the Hans Glacier (Hansbreen) in the years 2007-2017 as part of the polar expeditions of the University of Silesia in Spitsbergen / Svalbard. Data from three automatic weather stations. Measured elements: air temperature, air humidity, wind direction, wind speed, elements of radiation balance, others.
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Since 2010, continuous monitoring of the front zone of the Hansa Glacier with the use of Canon Eos 1000D photo cameras has been carried out (timelapse). Pictures in different periods of time were taken by 3 different cameras. Two cameras (106 and 107) were located on the Fugleberget slope and one (601) on the Baranowskiodden. The periods for which data are available and the interval of taking pictures are shown in Appendix 1.
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Glaciers facies (ice, superimposed ice, firn) extents of Hansbreen, Storbreen and Flatbreen delivered from unsupervised classifications of single, dual and fully-polarimetric SAR data (ALOS-2 PALSAR, RADARSAT-2, Sentinel-1, ERS-2 SAR) between 2008 and 2018. Methods of classification: unsupervised ISO classification, H-a Wishart Classification. Results validated with terrestrial measurements (shallow ice cores drilling, Ground Penetrating Radar measurements). Research supported by the European Space Agency, Third Party Missions grant and Svalbard Science Forum, Arctic Field Grant 2018. For more details, please e-mail to bbarzycka@us.edu.pl.
Centre for Polar Studies